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Tempsens provides precision-made alloys for thermocouples that are engineered to deliver consistent EMF output regardless of the temperature across a wide temperature range. Each conductor is produced through strict adherence to compositional tolerances and provides excellent calibration stability for demanding industrial applications such as heat treatment furnaces, petrochemical reactors, power generation plants, and very low-temperature applications.
Tempsens thermocouple alloys meet IEC 60584 and ASTM E230 specifications for base metal and refractory metal thermocouples. Regardless of whether you require a low-cost general-purpose thermocouple wire, or a high-temperature nickel–molybdenum thermocouple for reducing atmosphere applications, Tempsens has the calibrated alloy pair available in bare wire, spooled, and extension-grade forms to meet your specific process requirements.

About Thermocouple Alloys

Thermocouple Alloy Specifications and Temperature Ratings

타입	지휘자 (*) 화학성분 %					지휘자 (-) 화학성분 %			온도 범위	미국 표준 ASTM E230/ANSI MC95.2			유럽 표준 IEC 584
타입	니	크	철	쿠	기타	쿠	니	기타	온도 범위	T/c 범위	1학년 (0.4%)	2학년 (0.75%)	T/c 범위	1학년 (0.4%)	2학년 (0.75%)
K	90	10	–	–	–	–	94	망간+실리콘+ 기타	-200°C ~ +1260°C	0에서 1260°C	±2.2°C	±1.1°C	0°C ~ 1260°C	±1.5도	±2.5도
N	84.4	14.2	–	–	시 1.4	–	95.6	시4.4	-200°C ~ +1260°C	0°C에서 1260°C	±2.2°C	±1.1°C	0°C ~ 1260°C	±1.5도	±2.5도
J	–	–	100	–	–	발	44	망간+	-40°C ~ +760°C	0°C에서 760°C	±2.2°C	±1.1°C	0°C ~ 760°C	±1.5도	±2.5도
T	–	–	–	100	–	발	44	망간+	-200°C ~ +370°C	0°C에서 370도	±1°C	±0.5°C	0°C ~ 370°C	±0.5°C	±1°C
E	90	10	–	–	–	발	44	망간+	-200°C ~ +870°C	0°C에서 870°C	±1.7도	±1.1°C	0°C ~ 870°C	±1.5도	±2.5도

Thermocouple Types, Materials and Applications

사용 열전대 종류	재료 + & –	온도 범위	적용 분야
E	크로멜 및 콘스탄탄(Ni-Cr 및 Cu-Ni)	-200 ~ 900°C	불활성 분위기, 산화 분위기
J	철 및 콘스탄탄(Fe 및 Cu-Ni)	0~750°C	불활성 매체, 산화 매체, 환원 매체 진공
K	크로멜 및 알루멜(Ni-Cr 및 Ni-Al)	-200 ~ 1250°C	불활성 분위기, 산화 분위기
N	나이크로실 및 니실(Ni-Cr 및 Ni-Si)	-270 ~ 1300°C	불활성 분위기, 산화 분위기
T	구리 및 콘스탄탄(Cu 및 Cu-Ni)	-200 ~ 350°C	불활성 매체, 산화 매체, 환원 매체 진공

Thermocouple Temperature Limits by Wire Size

열전대의 종류	지름
열전대의 종류	3.25mm(3.25mm)	1.63mm(1.63mm)	0.81mm(0.81mm)	0.51mm(0.51mm)	0.33mm(0.33mm)	0.25mm(0.25mm)
K	1260°C	1090°C	980°C	870°C	870°C	760°C
N	760°C	590°C	480°C	370도	370도	320도
J	1260°C	1090°C	980°C	870°C	870°C	760°C
T	350°C	350°C	260도	200°C	200°C	150°C
E	870°C	650°C	540°C	430°C	430°C	370도

Thermocouple Properties

EMF output can change as temperature changes; it will be measured with the Seebeck coefficient
Type E thermocouple alloys provide the best (although still confusing) Seebeck coefficients among base metals.
Chromel-Alumel(type K) will give a linear response and will work in various industries.
Type N alloys perform better than Type K (less drift) above 300°C due to the presence of ordered intermetallics.
The resistivity of constantan is very stable, which is one reason for its popularity with several thermocouple types.
Platinum alloys almost never oxidize and exhibit very stable long-term EMF.
Tungsten-rhenium alloys are very brittle yet have no competitors for temperatures above 1800°C.
All thermocouple alloys must be uniform to avoid spurious EMF from appearing along conductor cables.
The initial calibration of thermocouples and the long-term drift characteristics will be influenced by the conditions under which the cold work and annealing process takes.
The precision of alloy composition being controlled to within IEC specifications for output will be done by Tempsens.

Available Forms, Sizes and Quality Assurance

i) Available Forms – Wire, Rod and Bar in oxidized, acid wash and luster surface

ii) Available Diameters

Standard range: 0.20 mm to 3.25 mm
Custom diameters available on request for OEM requirements

iii) Quality Check and AnalysisEach spool and Coils is passed through proper testing and test certificates are provided for the following –

Calibration Test
Proof Stress Test
Torsion Test
Bend Test
Hardness Test
Tensile Strength Test
연장
Electrical Resistivity (Loop Resistance)
Positive Material Identification(PMI) Test
Accelerated Life Test

자주 묻는 질문

Find answers to frequently asked questions related to Thermocouple Alloys.

A Type C thermocouple has a positive leg made of Tungsten with 5% rhenium and a negative leg made of Tungsten with 26% rhenium. Both legs are suited for use in vacuum or inert atmospheres, and can function at temperatures up to 2315°C.

A Type K thermocouple’s positive leg is composed of Chromel (90% Nickel and 10% Chromium). The negative leg is made of Alumel (approximately 95% Nickel with Aluminium, Manganese and Silicon) and can be utilized between -200°C and +1260°C.