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ABOUT
Thermocouple Alloys
Thermocouples alloys are classified into different types based on the combination of metals or alloys used to construct them. Common thermocouple types include Type K (Nickel-Chromium/Nickel-Aluminum), Type J (Iron/Constantan), and Type T (Copper/Constantan), among others. Each type has a specific temperature range and application suitability, with the choice of alloys dictated by factors such as temperature stability, corrosion resistance, and durability.
| Type | Conductor (*) Chemical Composition % |
Conductor (-) Chemical Composition % |
Temp range | American Standard ASTM E230/ANSI MC95.2 |
European Standard IEC 584 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ni | Cr | Fe | Cu | Others | Cu | Ni | Others | T/c Range | Class 1 (0.4%) |
Class 2 (0.75%) |
T/c Range | Class 1 (0.4%) |
Class 2 (0.75%) |
||
| K | 90 | 10 | – | – | – | – | 94 | Mn+ Si+ Others |
-200°C to +1260°C |
0 to 1260°C |
±2.2°C | ±1.1°C | 0°C to 1260°C | ±1.5°C | ±2.5°C |
| N | 84.4 | 14.2 | – | – | Si 1.4 | – | 95.6 | Si4.4 | -200°C to +1260°C |
0°C to 1260°C |
±2.2°C | ±1.1°C | 0°C to 1260°C | ±1.5°C | ±2.5°C |
| J | – | – | 100 | – | – | Bal | 44 | Mn+ | -40°C to +760°C |
0°C to 760°C |
±2.2°C | ±1.1°C | 0°C to 760°C | ±1.5°C | ±2.5°C |
| T | – | – | – | 100 | – | Bal | 44 | Mn+ | -200°C to +370°C |
0°C to 370°C |
±1°C | ±0.5°C | 0°C to 370°C | ±0.5°C | ±1°C |
| E | 90 | 10 | – | – | – | Bal | 44 | Mn+ | -200°C to +870°C |
0°C to 870°C |
±1.7°C | ±1.1°C | 0°C to 870°C | ±1.5°C | ±2.5°C |
In the realm of thermocouples, nickel and chromium emerge as key players, contributing significantly to their performance. Nickel, a versatile and corrosion-resistant metal, takes center stage in thermocouple alloys, known for its high melting points and ability to withstand extreme temperatures in various industrial applications. Chromium, another essential component, enhances corrosion and oxidation resistance, particularly valuable in harsh conditions.
| Thermocouple Type | Material + & – | Temp range | Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| E | Chromel & Constantan (Ni-Cr & Cu-Ni) | -200 to 900°C | Inert media, Oxidizing media |
| J | Iron & Constantan (Fe & Cu-Ni) | 0 to 750°C | Inert media, Oxidizing media, Reducing media Vacuum |
| K | Chromel & Alumel (Ni-Cr & Ni-Al) | -200 to 1250°C | Inert media, Oxidizing media |
| N | Nicrosil & Nisil (Ni-Cr & Ni-Si) | -270 to 1300°C | Inert media, Oxidizing media |
| T | Copper & Constantan (Cu & Cu-Ni) | -200 to 350°C | Inert media, Oxidizing media, Reducing media Vacuum |
| Type of thermocouple | Diameter | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.25 mm | 1.63 mm | 0.81 mm | 0.51 mm | 0.33 mm | 0.25 mm | |
| K | 1260°C | 1090°C | 980°C | 870°C | 870°C | 760°C |
| N | 760°C | 590°C | 480°C | 370°C | 370°C | 320°C |
| J | 1260°C | 1090°C | 980°C | 870°C | 870°C | 760°C |
| T | 370°C | 370°C | 260°C | 200°C | 200°C | 150°C |
| E | 870°C | 650°C | 540°C | 430°C | 430°C | 370°C |
Key Properties
- Excellent Mechanical Properties
- Optimized corrosion resistance
- Excellent themo-electrical properties
- High creep resistance
- Wide Temperature Operating Range
- Long-Term Stability
Available form – Wire, Rod and Bar in oxidized, acid wash and luster surface
Available Diameters – 8.0 mm to 0.16 mm
Quality check and Analysis – Each spool and Coils has been pass through all properties testing in Tempsens Instrument private limited, Udaipur – NABL accredited lab. Test certificates has been provided.
